Insight

Drone regulations in Malta.

A working guide to the EASA framework as it applies to unmanned aerial operations in Malta. Updated as the regulation changes.

As an EU member state, Malta implements the EASA drone framework in full: EU Regulation 2019/947 and its amendments govern civil UAS operations across the archipelago, the same rules that apply in France, Germany, or Italy.

The Malta Civil Aviation Directorate (MCAD) is the national competent authority: it registers operators, issues authorisations, and enforces compliance, operating under Transport Malta.

Malta carries airspace considerations beyond the standard EASA framework: two international airports, active military zones, dense urban areas, and UNESCO-protected heritage sites each impose additional constraints. IRAS Ltd deploys systems that are correctly categorised, registered, and supported for Maltese operations from the outset.

FrameworkEU Reg. 2019/947
AuthorityMCAD
RegistrationUAS > 250 g or camera
Min. pilot age16 (A1: 12)
InsuranceThird-party, mandatory

01 / Three categories

Risk-based framework
01
Open
Low-risk operations under 25 kg, flown VLOS, below 120 m, away from assemblies of people. No prior authorisation is required, though registration and pilot competency still apply above 250 g. Covers most commercial survey work, split into subcategories A1, A2, A3.
02
Specific
Operations exceeding Open category limits: over people, BVLOS, above 120 m, or in controlled airspace. Requires a SORA risk assessment and an Operational Authorisation from MCAD before flight. Covers inspection, mapping, and public-safety UAS.
03
Certified
Highest-risk operations: carrying people, large assemblies, or UAS above 25 kg in complex environments. Treated as manned aviation, operator and aircraft require full certification. Rare in commercial practice.
02 / Open category

Subcategories A1, A2, and A3: the same aircraft class, three different distances from people.

A1
Fly over people
C0/C1-class UAS or privately built under 250 g. EASA A1/A3 online theory test required. No minimum separation for C0 class. Typical use: urban photography, real estate aerial.
A2
Fly close to people
30 m horizontal separation in normal mode, 5 m in low-speed mode with C2-class UAS. MCAD A2 Certificate of Competency required. Typical use: infrastructure inspection near roads, port survey.
A3
Fly away from people
150 m minimum from residential, commercial, industrial, or recreational areas. A1/A3 Certificate of Competency required. Typical use: agricultural survey, remote coastal inspection.

03 / Registration

Any operator flying a UAS heavier than 250 g, or carrying a camera or sensor regardless of weight, must register with MCAD via the EASA Drone Portal.

Registration applies to the operator, not the aircraft: one registration covers the entire fleet, and the operator's e-ID must be marked on every UAS flown under it. Commercial operators register as legal entities; third-party liability insurance is mandatory, not optional. Registration is currently free and renewed annually.

Register atEASA Drone Portal
FeeCurrently free
Validity1 year, renewable
Markinge-ID per aircraft

04 / Restricted airspace

Six zones requiring authorisation
01
Airport & aerodrome zones

5 km exclusion around Malta International and Gozo Heliport. Requires MCAD / ATC authorisation.

02
Heritage & sensitive sites

Valletta, the Grand Harbour, and UNESCO sites require specific MCAD permission with a full risk assessment.

03
Port & maritime areas

Grand Harbour and Marsaxlokk are controlled: coordination with Transport Malta's Port Directorate may be required.

04
Military zones

Designated AFM installations and training grounds are absolute no-fly areas without explicit clearance.

05
Assemblies of people

Flying over festivals, sporting events, or gatherings requires Specific category authorisation.

06
Gozo Channel & offshore

Extended over-water and BVLOS operations require Specific category authorisation and Maritime Authority coordination.

05 / Specific category

BVLOS, above 120 m, over people, or in controlled airspace: all require an Operational Authorisation from MCAD before flight, via SORA, PDRA, or a Light UAS Operator Certificate.

01
SORA
The full Specific Operations Risk Assessment: evaluates ground and air risk, prescribes the safety objectives the operator must meet.
02
PDRA
A predefined risk assessment for standardised scenarios, e.g. PDRA-S01 for BVLOS over sparsely populated areas. Faster than a full SORA.
03
LUC
A Light UAS Operator Certificate: for operators running recurring commercial missions under a standing authorisation, rather than applying per flight.
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